Apatite-fission-track geochronology and its tectonic correlation in the Dabieshan orogen,central China

The thermochronology based on a combination ofradiometric age and closure temperature (Tc) is widelyaccepted as a sensitive method to provide constraintson tectonic evolution of the orogen, and numerousadvances as a result of thermochronological applica-tions have been made recently in the Dabieshan oro-gen[1—5]. Zircon U/Pb, hornblende Ar/Ar and biotiteAr/Ar ages with Tc= 800—300℃[6] will yield a wealthof information on the cooling and exhumation of rockscrossing crustal levels of 30—1…     

The first discovery of the middle Lochkovian (Devonian) conodonts in South Gobi,Mongolia

The Tsagaanbulag Formation of the Ulaan-Shand section in the Shine Jinst area was assigned to Silurian (Wenlock-Pridoli) previously. But the present authors have found some very important conodonts, including Lanea omoalpha, Amydrotaxis johnsoni, "Ozarkodina" planililingua, Pedavis sp., from the Tsagaanbulag and Amansair formations, clearly indicating that these two formations should be assigned to middle Lochkovian which are widely distributed in China and Mongolia. The existence of the marine Wenlockain and early Ludlovian deposits in Mongolia is a noteworthy problem.     

Deterioration of eelgrass,Zostera marina L., meadows by water pollution in Seto Inland Sea,Japan

Survival of transplanted Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) and environmental conditions (water quality, bottom sediments, sedimentation on leaves and flow regime) were studied concurrently in the center, edge, and at the outside of a eelgrass meadow located in a eutrophic coastal zone in northern Hiroshima Bay, Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Eelgrass transplants at the outside of the meadow declined significantly, whereas those at the center were consistently well established. Silt content in the bottom sediments at the outside was higher than that at the center. The sediment was oxic from the surface to 2 cm deep at the center, whereas those at the edge and the outside were reductive almost from the surface. The sediment characteristics typical in eutrophic water seemed to be a factor responsible for the deterioration of eelgrass meadows. Although suspended solid concentrations in the water columns were almost the same, the amount of sediments deposited on leaves of eelgrass at the outside was higher than that at the center of the meadow. The amount of the deposition at the outside seems to be enough to inhibit photosynthesis; i.e. photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) available for eelgrass was only 36% of that without any deposition. The deposition in the center, however, was small enough to allow 84% of the original PPFD. Flow rates, determined at 30 cm above the bottom, a half height of average eelgrass, suggested that the rate at the outside was not enough to remove deposited sediments from the surface of eelgrass leaves. Thus, the large amount of sediment deposition caused by water pollution and/or eutrophication seemed to be another factor to inhibit the survival of eelgrass at the outside edge of the meadow.     

MESOSCALE SPECTRA OF THE FREE ATMOSPHERIC MOTION IN MID-LATITUDE SUMMER－UNIVERSALITY AND CONTRIBUTION OF THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITIES

Meridional and vertical wind velocities of the free atmosphere were observed continuously in mid-latitude summer of 1981 by using Platteville ST radar in the eastern Colorado plains in order to obtain the mesoscale spectra. Power spectra were obtained for both meridional and vertical components at heights of 3.3－7.9 km for meridional and 3.3－17.7 km for vertical. Results show that the “-5/3 law” is a good fit to “meridional” spectra for wave periods ranging from ~3 hr to 2 days which are consistent with other published observations and give further evidence to the existence of a universal -5/3 law in mesoscale atmospheric motions. Results also show that for wave periods shorter than 3 hr (to about 10 min), the spectra obviously depart from the –5/3 law and reflect the significant contribution of thunderstorm activities which frequently happen in the mid-latitude summer. Mesoscale spectra of vertical velocity show some characteristics of gravity waves. The mechanism of the observed spectra is discussed.     

我国地震前兆特征的统计分析与研究

本文对我国56次5级以上地震的前兆资料做了初步的统计分析,并对地震前兆的一般特征、前兆异常的持续时间、前兆异常的地区差异性及前兆异常的强度与空间分布等几个问题进行了讨论,试图进一步描述地震前兆的特征,以期对地震前兆的深入研究起到一定的参考作用。     

海城地震流动重力资料清理

本文针对手簿检验中发现的问题,评定了不同仪器、不同观测方法所能达到的实际精度,用加权平均的办法计算段差、点值及其变化。两条测线都有300到500微伽的重力变化,这和以前的结果基本一致。但通过分析,确认这种变化主要是格值变化及台差造成的,而不是地球重力场的真实变化。在消除系统误差后,距海城地震震中较近的盖县一东荒地测段重力差震前与震后各期仍有100微伽左右的变化,可能与海城地震有关。     

Carbon dioxide partial pressure and carbon fluxes of air-water interface in Taihu Lake, China

1 INTRODUCTION Carbon dioxide (CO2) is principal greenhouse gas. Its air-water exchange is important in terrestrial ecosystems for climate change (Frankignoulle et al., 1998; Schimel et al., 2001). The direction of CO2 gas movement depends on the CO2 concentration gradient between air and surface water. The amount of CO2 exchange is related to the gas exchange coefficient, k. All lakes, with their small area but large atmospheric CO2 flux are important to under-stand the CO2 fluxes …     

应用格林——安布普特模型解决地表水深随时间变化的入渗问题

与简单的入渗模型的消退曲线相比较,格林一安布普特最早提出的模型非常清楚地考虑了表面水深的影响及其对短小河渠的应用。对于纵剖面不连续线以上的饱和带以及其下处于初始含水量状况下的半无限区域里,格一安方程假定土壤含水量纵剖面线是阶跃函数(图1)。